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The 1960's vs. Today with King RayVet

A recording from Margaret Williams, MS, ACC's live video

KingRayVet (Ray Gibson) - Bio

Ray Gibson (born 1957) is a military veteran, former software consultant, and digital content creator best known as the eldest child of St. Louis Cardinals Hall of Fame pitcher Bob Gibson. On social media platforms like YouTube and Substack, he creates content under the handle @kingrayvet.


Key Highlights & Background

· Military & Early Life: Born in 1957 during the height of his father’s baseball career, Ray grew up moving across the country. He is an honorable veteran of the U.S. Air Force.

· Professional Career: Following his military service, Ray worked as a software consultant and later retired. He was also a public speaker for Landmark Worldwide.

· Identity & Advocacy: A Black transgender man, Ray has shared his story openly regarding his gender identity, growing up as the child of a legendary athlete, and his path toward self-acceptance and reconciliation with his father prior to Bob Gibson’s passing.

· Content Creation: On Substack and YouTube, he hosts “Ray’s BoomBoom Room Kingdom,” where he shares commentary on current events, sports, social issues, and personal stories.


What has actually changed for women, leadership, and the American workplace, and what has not

The spine of it: Section 1 pairs the 1960s legal reality (credit cards requiring a husband’s signature until 1974, sex-segregated job ads until 1973, pregnancy a fireable event until 1978, zero women Fortune 500 CEOs) against today’s numbers, a record 11% of Fortune 500 CEOs, ~85 cents on the dollar and stable for two decades per Pew, just under 30% of Congress. Section 2 traces Theory X command-and-control to trust-based leadership, with the catch that the “new” style is the one women were penalized for. Section 3 handles generations with the contested-research flag you require (Rudolph et al.; Pew’s retreat from generational framing). Section 4 covers the culture shift: marriage age, household economics, Loving v. Virginia, marital rape law. It closes with “What Has Not Changed.”


How to Use These Points

Each section pairs the 1960s reality against today’s, with the research or law behind each claim. Citations follow APA 7th. Primary empirical sources are unmarked; practitioner sources and contested statistics are flagged in brackets. The through-line for any talk: the locks came off the doors, but the tax at the door, likability, the double bind, the second grading axis, is still being collected.


Section 1: A Woman’s Legal and Workplace Reality

The 1960s:

Her money required a man’s signature. Banks could and routinely did refuse a woman a credit card or loan without a husband or male co-signer. That stayed legal until the Equal Credit Opportunity Act (1974).

The job listings were segregated by sex. Newspapers ran “Help Wanted, Male” and “Help Wanted, Female” columns; the practice survived until Pittsburgh Press Co. v. Pittsburgh Commission on Human Relations (1973).

Pregnancy was a fireable event. Employers could legally dismiss a woman for being pregnant until the Pregnancy Discrimination Act (1978).

Equal pay had just become law on paper. The Equal Pay Act passed in 1963, when women working full time earned roughly 59 cents to a man’s dollar; Title VII of the Civil Rights Act (1964) followed a year later.

The jury box and the corner office were both closed. Some states still excused women from jury service by default until Taylor v. Louisiana (1975). Harvard Business School admitted its first women to the MBA program in 1963. The number of women running Fortune 500 companies in the 1960s: zero; the first, Katharine Graham of The Washington Post, arrived in 1972.

About 38 in 100 women worked for pay. Women’s labor force participation stood near 37.7% in 1960 (U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics, 2023).


Today:

A record and a reality check. Women now run a record 11% of Fortune 500 companies (55 CEOs) as of 2026 (Hinchliffe, 2026). Celebrate the record; say the other number out loud: 89% are still run by men.

The pay gap moved 26 cents in 60 years. Women working full-time earn roughly 85 cents to a man’s dollar, and Pew finds the gap has been essentially stable for two decades (Pew Research Center, 2025). [Figures vary by measure — 77–85 cents depending on whether all workers or full-time/year-round are counted; both are real, cite the definition you use.]

Political voice: under one-third. Women hold just under 30% of the seats in Congress (Center for American Women and Politics, 2026), a record high, and still a supermajority of men writing the rules.

The pipeline flipped; the top did not. Women earn the majority of college degrees and make up roughly half of the college-educated workforce, yet thin out at every rung above entry-level (McKinsey & Company & LeanIn.Org, 2024). [Practitioner source.]

In 1963 she could not get a credit card in her own name. In 2026, she can run the company at an 11% chance that someone like her does. The doors unlocked. The math is still waiting.


Section 2: Leadership Then vs. Now

Then: management as command. The dominant 1960s model assumed workers were compliance problems: supervise, direct, control. McGregor named it Theory X in 1960, and argued (radically, for the era) for a Theory Y built on trust and self-direction (McGregor, 1960).

Now: leadership as trust engineering. The evidence since has run McGregor’s way: transformational leadership- vision, development, individual consideration- outperforms command-and-control across settings (Burns, 1978; Bass, 1985), and psychological safety predicts team learning and performance (Edmondson, 1999).

The catch: the new model is “feminine” until a woman uses it. The traits now taught in every leadership program (listening, empathy, development) were dismissed as soft when women were locked out. Yet women who lead directly still collide with role expectations: the same authoritative conduct is penalized in women and rewarded in men (Eagly & Karau, 2002; Heilman, 2001).

The 1960s boss barked because the theory said people were problems. Today’s research says trust builds performance, the very leadership women were doing for free, without the title, all along. The style got promoted. The women are still negotiating.


Section 3: Generational Dynamics

Formed then vs. formed now. A leader formed in the 1960s workplace learned: one employer, dues paid in silence, authority obeyed, feedback annual if at all. A worker formed in today’s learned: employers cut loyalty first, skills travel, feedback is continuous, and mental health is discussable. Neither is wrong; each is an accurate read of the terrain that trained them.

Use the era, not the stereotype. Serious reviews find most claimed generational differences shrink or vanish under scrutiny: age, career stage, and era-of-events explain more than “Boomer vs. Gen Z” labels (Rudolph et al., 2021), and Pew has formally pulled back from generational framing for the same reason (Parker, 2023). [Generational-difference claims are empirically contested frame as formative conditions, not group traits.]

Stop asking what’s wrong with the other generation and start asking what their terrain taught them. A woman formed in 1965 and a woman formed in 2005 both did brilliant math for different rooms.


Section 4: The Broad Culture Shift

The household economy inverted. The 1960 default was one income, early marriage (median age at first marriage for women: about 20), and unpaid female labor holding the whole structure up. Today, marriage comes nearly a decade later, most households rely on two incomes, and the unpaid second shift is at least visible, if not evenly shared (U.S. Census Bureau, 2024).

Information went from three channels to infinite feeds. A 1960s American shared three networks and a local paper with everyone she knew; today’s attention is individually targeted and algorithmically sorted a shift from shared terrain to fragmented terrain, with real consequences for trust and civic life (Putnam, 2000).

What “normal” permitted. In 1960, interracial marriage was still illegal in many states (until Loving v. Virginia, 1967), no-fault divorce did not exist (California, 1969), and marital rape was not a crime in every state until 1993. The moral floor moved recently enough that living women remember the old one.

Everything that feels permanent about today is younger than the women in the room. That is the case for hope and the case for vigilance. Floors that were raised can be lowered.


What Has Not Changed

The second grading axis. Women are still assessed twice, once on competence, once on warmth, and penalized for directness that men are promoted for (Eagly & Karau, 2002; Heilman, 2001). The likability tax outlived the 1960s laws. The pay gap has barely moved in twenty years (Pew Research Center, 2025). And the room’s respect still has to be compelled by conduct competence, consistency, held lines exactly the standard it always did. The laws changed the doors. The terrain inside is still ours to command.


References

Bass, B. M. (1985). Leadership and performance beyond expectations. Free Press.

Burns, J. M. (1978). Leadership. Harper & Row.

Center for American Women and Politics. (2026). Women in the U.S. Congress 2026. Rutgers University. https://cawp.rutgers.edu/data/levels-office/congress

Civil Rights Act of 1964, Title VII, 42 U.S.C. § 2000e et seq. (1964).

Eagly, A. H., & Karau, S. J. (2002). Role congruity theory of prejudice toward female leaders. Psychological Review, 109(3), 573–598.

Edmondson, A. (1999). Psychological safety and learning behavior in work teams. Administrative Science Quarterly, 44(2), 350–383.

Equal Credit Opportunity Act, 15 U.S.C. § 1691 (1974).

Equal Pay Act of 1963, 29 U.S.C. § 206(d) (1963).

Heilman, M. E. (2001). Description and prescription: How gender stereotypes prevent women’s ascent up the organizational ladder. Journal of Social Issues, 57(4), 657–674.

Hinchliffe, E. (2026, June 3). Women run a record 11% of Fortune 500 companies in 2026. Fortune. https://fortune.com/2026/06/03/how-many-women-are-fortune-500-ceos/

Loving v. Virginia, 388 U.S. 1 (1967).

McGregor, D. (1960). The human side of enterprise. McGraw-Hill.

McKinsey & Company & LeanIn.Org. (2024). Women in the workplace 2024. [Practitioner source.]

Parker, K. (2023, May 22). How Pew Research Center will report on generations moving forward. Pew Research Center.

Pew Research Center. (2025, March 4). The gender pay gap in the U.S. has narrowed slightly over 2 decades. https://www.pewresearch.org/short-reads/2025/03/04/gender-pay-gap-in-us-has-narrowed-slightly-over-2-decades/

Pittsburgh Press Co. v. Pittsburgh Commission on Human Relations, 413 U.S. 376 (1973).

Pregnancy Discrimination Act of 1978, 42 U.S.C. § 2000e(k) (1978).

Putnam, R. D. (2000). Bowling alone: The collapse and revival of American community. Simon & Schuster.

Rudolph, C. W., Rauvola, R. S., Costanza, D. P., & Zacher, H. (2021). Generations and generational differences: Debunking myths in organizational science and practice. Journal of Business and Psychology, 36, 945–967.

Taylor v. Louisiana, 419 U.S. 522 (1975).

U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics. (2023). Women in the labor force: A databook. https://www.bls.gov/opub/reports/womens-databook/2023/

U.S. Census Bureau. (2024). Historical marital status tables: Median age at first marriage.


Thank you Diane, Ms.Yuse, Donna Everett, Millie Jones-Cowles, A. Eevie Bateman Kimmy Win she/her 🏳️‍🌈🫶🐾, and many others for tuning into my live video with KingRayVet! Join me for my next live video in the app.

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